The 1913 Liberty Head Nickel: Among the most legendary coins in American numismatics, the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel holds a mystique that few collectibles can match. With only five known examples, this rare coin has achieved iconic status, becoming a symbol of unattainable rarity and record-breaking value. The coin’s reputation skyrocketed in 2007 when one specimen sold for an astounding $5 million, solidifying its place as one of the most coveted rare nickels in history.
This article uncovers the captivating story behind the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel, exploring its mysterious creation, notable sales, and why it remains an unparalleled treasure in the numismatic world.
Quick Facts: The 1913 Liberty Head Nickel
| Specimen | Location | Key Details |
| Eliasberg Specimen | Private Collection | Graded Proof-66; sold for $5 million in 2007. |
| Olsen Specimen | Private Collection | Featured on Hawaii Five-O; sold for $3.7 million in 2010. |
| Walton Specimen | Private Collection | Lost for decades; authenticated in 2003. |
| Norweb Specimen | Smithsonian Institution | Preserved as part of the National Numismatic Collection. |
| McDermott Specimen | American Numismatic Association Museum | Displays wear from circulation; donated in 1989. |
A Historical Mystery: The Origins of the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel
The Liberty Head nickel, designed by Charles E. Barber, was issued between 1883 and 1912. By 1913, the U.S. Mint transitioned to the Buffalo Nickel, officially retiring the Liberty Head design. However, against all odds, five nickels with the 1913 date and Liberty Head design emerged, likely struck without authorization.
Their first public appearance was in 1920, when Samuel W. Brown, a former Mint employee, unveiled them. This unexpected revelation ignited debate and speculation about their creation. Were they clandestinely made for personal gain or experimental prototypes? Despite the mystery, their rarity instantly made them the focus of intense interest.
The Five 1913 Liberty Head Nickels: A Closer Look
Each of the five rare nickels has a distinctive history that contributes to its intrigue:
1. The Eliasberg Specimen
Regarded as the finest known example, this coin was graded Proof-66 for its near-perfect condition. Its pristine appearance and prestigious ownership—once part of Louis E. Eliasberg’s famous collection—make it a numismatic gem. It shattered records in 2007 when it sold for $5 million.
2. The Olsen Specimen
The Olsen Specimen gained fame after being featured in a 1973 episode of Hawaii Five-O. Known for its rich history of prominent owners, it fetched $3.7 million in a 2010 sale, underscoring its continued appeal.
3. The Walton Specimen
This coin’s journey is nothing short of a treasure-hunt tale. Misplaced for decades after being misidentified, it was rediscovered and authenticated in 2003. Its dramatic reappearance reignited public fascination with the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel.
4. The Norweb Specimen
Preserved in the Smithsonian Institution, this nickel is a centerpiece of the National Numismatic Collection. Unlike the others, its value lies not in sales but in its historical and educational significance.
5. The McDermott Specimen
Unique for its circulation wear, the McDermott Specimen stands apart as the only one to have seen real-world use. It resides in the American Numismatic Association Museum, a testament to its unique place in history.
Why Is the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel So Valuable?
The extraordinary value of the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel is rooted in a combination of rarity, history, and allure.
- Unparalleled Rarity: With only five examples confirmed, it is among the rarest coins ever produced in the U.S.
- Historical Enigma: Its mysterious origins add to its legendary status. Who struck these coins and why remains a question without a clear answer.
- Famous Provenance: Past ownership by prominent collectors like Louis E. Eliasberg elevates the prestige of these coins.
- Impeccable Preservation: Coins like the Eliasberg Specimen, graded at Proof-66, showcase exceptional craftsmanship and preservation.
Notable Sales: Breaking Records and Setting Milestones
The sales history of these rare nickels tells a story of escalating value and unwavering demand:
- 1996: The Eliasberg Specimen became the first coin to surpass $1 million, selling for $1,485,000.
- 2005: Acquired by Legend Numismatics and Bruce Morelan for $4.15 million.
- 2007: Sold to an anonymous buyer for a staggering $5 million, setting a record for the coin.
The Olsen Specimen also achieved remarkable sales, including its $3.7 million price tag in 2010, demonstrating that every specimen commands an extraordinary premium.
The Legacy of the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel
Beyond its monetary value, the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel has left an indelible mark on numismatics and pop culture. It has been featured in television shows, museums, and countless discussions among collectors. Its rarity and intrigue have made it a “holy grail” for numismatists, symbolizing the ultimate in coin collecting.
For those fortunate enough to view or own one, these nickels are not merely coins—they are pieces of American history.
FAQs About the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel
1. Why are there only five 1913 Liberty Head Nickels?
The coins were likely struck without official approval, possibly as prototypes or for personal purposes by Mint employees.
2. How can I confirm the authenticity of a 1913 Liberty Head Nickel?
Authentication by experts, such as PCGS (Professional Coin Grading Service) or NGC (Numismatic Guaranty Corporation), is essential for verifying a genuine specimen.
3. What makes the Eliasberg Specimen unique?
The Eliasberg Specimen is the finest known example, graded Proof-66. Its exceptional condition and association with Louis E. Eliasberg make it the most valuable.
4. Have other specimens sold for similar prices?
Yes, the Olsen Specimen sold for $3.7 million in 2010, while other specimens have fetched millions at auctions.
5. Where can I see a 1913 Liberty Head Nickel?
The Norweb Specimen is displayed at the Smithsonian Institution, and the McDermott Specimen can be viewed at the American Numismatic Association Museum.
Final Thoughts
The 1913 Liberty Head Nickel stands as a rare and mysterious treasure that embodies the pinnacle of coin collecting. Its combination of extreme scarcity, fascinating history, and record-breaking sales continues to captivate collectors worldwide. For those fascinated by rare nickels, exploring numismatics offers a world of wonder.
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